Public health system plays an important role in maintaining public health and health safety, but as the core of public health system, basic public health service is facing the dilemma of "improving quality and efficiency". Many years of development practice of social network theory shows that social network involving relationship network, trust, cooperation and reciprocity in sociology is becoming an effective method to deal with community resource constraint, lack of service motivation and lack of social participation. On the basis of reviewing the relevant research of social network theory in the field of health, this paper tries to find effective methods and approaches to improve the utilization effect of basic public health service by using the new idea of social network embedding in public health service, so as to further improve the construction of public health system in China.