Objective: To investigate the progress of the basic medical service reform in base frontier minority areas, and to explore the path to strengthen the capability of the base medical. Methods: A simple sample was used to randomly select 19 of basic medical and health institutions of four districts in Urumqi. Results: The basic medical and health institutions in Urumqi were held by four different main bodies, the non－governmental bodies account for 89.8%, and only 10.2% of basic medical and health institutions were held by the government. The medical ratio of basic community health service institutions was only 1∶0.96, and it was far lower than international standard which was 1∶2. The annual average outpatient amount of community health service institutions had no obvious change in nearly three years. The participation rate of new village cooperation medical treatment expenses reached 99.9% in rural. The progress of implementation of basic drug homodyne rate system in urban and rural basic medical and health institutions was listed as follows: community health service center reached 88.9% and community health service station reached 62.5%. Conclusion: The public finance of the basic medical and health services increase obviously, the scale of expanded significantly. It is more convenient for the masses of basic level to take medical treatment. However, the capacity of basic medical and health services institutions should be sharply strengthened.