Objective: To understand disease constitution and expense of hospitalization of college students in AnHui Province, and provide the reference for colleges to better carry out preventive care work, and improve college students’medical security system. Methods: Through the college students’ health information platform, students’ hospitalization information was collected from 2015 to 2016 of one college in AnHui province, and the data was analyzed by using SPSS20.0. Results: During the two years, the total inpatient number of students was 425, and the total hospitalization rate was 0.8%. The top five diseases which lead to college students in the hospital were digestive system diseases, respiratory system diseases, accidental injury, tumor, and infectious diseases. More than 95% of the hospitalization expenses were between 5 000 Yuan and 20 000 Yuan. The boy’s accidental injury hospitalization rate (0.8%) was higher than the girls’ (0.7%), and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: It’s crowded in school, therefore, digestive system diseases, respiratory system diseases and infectious diseases occur frequently. The tumors cause heavy economic burden, students’ sub-health status cannot be ignored, and out-of-pocket costs are still high after the reimbursement.