Health supervision and law enforcement is an important guarantee for the development of healthcare’s occupation， however， there are many problems in the current health supervision and law enforcement， which make supervisors facing with huge danger in their specific work. In our paper， Delphi method， risk matrix method and Borda sequence value method were used to comprehensively analyze the risk factors existing in health supervision and law enforcement， furthermore， the important order of the various factors were obtained. Among their items， the top 5 are: the unreasonable number of establishment and insufficient workers； the insufficient advanced institution building and unhealth laws and regulations； the seriously lagged health supervision network； imperfect township health supervision； the absence of relevant rules or laws to the status of health supervision agencies. At the same time， some specific control measurements needed to be carried out to prevent and control the risk of health supervision and law enforcement.