Objective：The human microbiota and the host constitute a mutually restricted and coordinated microecological balance， which is indispensable for human health. Microecological imbalance caused by various reasons may be an important pathogenic factor of many diseases in human body. In recent years，the research on female reproductive tract microbial community，intestinal flora and diseases has made a breakthrough，suggesting that they may play an important role in the occurrence，development and prognosis of obstetrics complications including preterm birth and gestational diabetes mellitus. In addition，it’s undeniable that the microbiota of the maternal reproductive tract，breast milk and intestinal tract may also influence the development and function of the neonate metabolism，immune system and nervous system. Here we review the studies on the impact of female reproductive tract flora and intestinal microbiota on pregnancy and offspring，in order to provide a new perspective and new ideas for future research.