Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effect of biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents (Firehawk) versus permanent polymer drug-eluting stents (Xience) on neointimal hyperplasia at one-year follow-up from optical coherence tomography (OCT) observations. Method: This was a retrospective single center study，patients who had Firehawk/Xience stents during PCI in our single center from January 2014 to June 2019 were included in the trial, they were divided into two groups: Firehawk group and Xience group. At one-year follow-up, we compared the difference of in-stent neointimal hyperplasia from OCT observations between the two groups. Results: Total 106 patients were finally enrolled, including 52 patients who were in the Firehawk group and 54 who were in the Xience group. 1) There were no differences of clinical characteristics before PCI and at one-year follow-up between the two groups（P>0.05）. 2) There were no differences of parameters during PCI (target vessel, diameter and length of stent, pre-dilation and post-dilation, maximum diameter/pressure of dilated-balloons) between the two groups（P>0.05). 3) At one-year follow-up, in-stent neointimal hyperplasia (maximum neointimal thickness, maximum neointimal area, minimum luminal area, minimum luminal diameter，restenosis% and percentage of homogeneous property) was also similar between the two groups（P>0.05). Conclusion: It is similar of vascular response to biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents and permanent polymer drug-eluting stents at one-year follow-up.