Objective:To investigate the correlation of IL-1,IL-6 and IL-10 levels to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome of rat model. Methods:Immature female Wistar rats were divided into control group,ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome(OHSS) group. For OHSS group,pregnancy mare serum gonadotropin(PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG) were given to induce OHSS. Forty-eight hours after administration of HCG,the rats were killed and then their ovary,blood samples were obtained for evaluation of interleukins-1,6,10(ELISA). Results:In OHSS group,both serum and ovarian concentrations of IL-1 were statistically significantly higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05). The ovarian concentrations of IL-10 in OHSS group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion:These findings suggested that inflammation involving IL-1 in OHSS rats should play an important role in systemic symptoms. IL-6 and IL-10 could contribute to local inflammation of ovary.