Objective:To investigate the G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) changes and its relationship with asthma after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in lung tissue of mice. Methods:A total of 100 female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with 20 each group. In the normal control group,intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 ml saline were performed at day 1 and 14,and inhalation of 20 ml atomized saline at 37℃ were taken for 30 min at day 21~25. In the RSV group,RSV of 1×106 pfu in consistency and 100 -滋l/time in volume were dropped into the nasal cavity at day 19,20 and 21. In the asthma group,intraperitoneal injection of OVA/AL (OH)3 (OVA 100 μg,AL (OH)3 2 mg) were performed at day 1 and 14,and inhalation of 2%OVA saline of 20 ml were taken for 30 min at day 21 and the excitation was lasted for 5 days. In the double infection group,model preparation was the same with the asthma group,but RSV of 1 × 106 pfu in consistency and 100 -滋l/time in volume were dropped into the nasal cavity at day 19,20 and 21. In the dexamethasone intervention group,RSV infection was the same to the RSV group,but intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone 0.2 mg/(kg-d) were performed at day 21 to 25. Twenty-four hours after the last excitation,by anesthesia with 10% chloral hydrate intraperitoneal injection (0.3 ml/kg),the mice were sacrificed. The left upper lobe and right middle lobe of the lung,4% formaldehyde fixed,were used for expression and pathological immunofluorescence detection of GRK2 change detection. The lower lobe of the right lung was performed to detected GRK2 expression of each group by Western blot. Under the sterile conditions,the lower lobe of the left lung was taken for virus isolation and immunofluorescence identification. Results:In the RSV group,GRK2 expression was significantly increased compared with the normal group,and showed significant differences compared with the asthma group. In the double infection group,GRK2 expression was significantly increased compared with the RSV group. In the dexamethasone intervention group,GRK2 expression was significantly reduced compared with the RSV group. Conclusion:The expression of GRK2 was increased after the RSV infection in lung tissue of the mice,and significantly increased in terms to asthma. The dexamethasone intervention inhitits the expression of GRK2.