Objective:To evaluate the significance of hTERC gene amplification and CD105 expression in cervical condyloma acuminateum (CA). Methods:Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)and imunohistochemical staining were used to detect the expression of hTERC gene and CD105 in 67 cases of cervical CA,including 31 cases without CIN,19 CA-CIN grade Ⅰ,11 CA-CIN grade Ⅱ,and 6 CA-CIN grade Ⅲ; 35 cases of cervical cancer and 24 normal cervical mucosa were performed as controls. Results:The rates of hTERC gene amplification were 0%,25.4% and 80% in normal cervical mucosa,cervical CA and cervical cancer,respectively(P < 0.01). Microvessel density(MVD) marked by CD105 antibody also had significant difference (P < 0.01). In cervical CA,hTERC gene amplification and MVD showed a positive correlation (P < 0.05)and increased with increasing CIN grade. There were significant differences between CA-CIN Ⅰ and CA-CIN Ⅱ(P < 0.01),as well as between the recurrence group and the non recurrence group(P < 0.05). Conclusion:The expression of hTERC gene and CD105 may play an important role in the recurrence of cervical CA,and in the process of conversion to the high grade CIN. The detection of hTERC gene and CD105 is helpful in the clinical screening of high-risk patients with cervical CA.