Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is a common obstetric complication that can easily lead to the occurrence of serious adverse pregnancy outcomes，including preterm birth，high risk of poor outcomes in newborns and seriously threatening the health of newborns. Early screening and diagnosis are critical for preterm birth in GDM pregnant women. In this review，the screening and prediction methods for preterm birth in GDM pregnant women at home and abroad in recent years are briefly summarized，and the predictive values of routine and novel biomarkers in preterm birth of GDM pregnant women is systematically summarized，in order to provide a basis for establishing a reasonable prediction model for preterm birth of GDM pregnant women，so as to achieve early diagnosis and intervention，as well as improve maternal and infant outcomes