Objective：To investigate the impact of the graft content including mononuclear cells（MNC），CD34⁺ cells and T-lymphocyte subsets on post-transplant survival. Methods：A retrospective analysis of 121 patients with hematologic malignant diseases undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation（allo -HSCT）was performed to investigate the effects of the doses of MNC，CD34 ⁺ cells，CD3⁺ T cells，CD4⁺ T cells，CD8⁺ T cells and regulatory T（Treg）cells in the grafts on hematopoietic reconstitution and survival. Results：Neutrophils were successfully engrafted in 120 patients，and patients with high doses of CD34⁺ cells（≥6.90×10⁶ /kg）（P < 0.001）， CD3⁺ T cells（≥6.24×10⁸ /kg）（P=0.042）and CD8⁺ T cells（≥1.05×10⁸ /kg）（P=0.021）had more rapid engraftment of neutrophils. Platelets were successfully engrafted in 119 cases，and high dose CD34 ⁺ cells were associated with faster platelet reconstruction（P=0.001）. Acute graft-versus-host disease（aGVHD）occurred in 53（43.8%）patients and 28 patients had chronic graft-versus-host disease （cGVHD）. One and 3-year overall survival（OS）rates were 83.5% and 68.0%，and one and 3-year progression -free survival（PFS） rates were 75.0% and 64.4%. In univariate analysis，the patients with high MNC dose（≥9.79×10⁸ /kg），high CD3 ⁺ T cells dose and CD4⁺ /CD8⁺ T cells <3.57 had better OS and the high MNC group had better PFS（P=0.061）. Multivariate analysis showed that the CD4⁺ / CD8⁺ T-cell < 3.57 group had better OS（HR=0.288，95%CI：0.084~0.988，P=0.048）. One and 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse（CIR）were 18.2% and 26.8%，respectively. Patients in the higher MNC and CD8 ⁺ T -cell groups had lower CIR. Conclusion：Graft components has an important impact on the prognosis of allo-HSCT. High doses of CD34⁺ cells promote faster platelet implantation, and patients with a CD4⁺ /CD8⁺ T-cell ratio < 3.57 in the graft have better OS and lower CIR.