Central compartment allergic disease（CCAD）is a newly internationally named subtype of chronic rhinosinusitis（CRS） characterized by a type-2 inflammatory response of inhaled allergens in the mucosa of the central nasal region. In the early stage，it may manifest as mucosal edema and polypoid changes limited to the middle turbinate，superior turbinate and posterosuperior nasal septum. In the late stage，it may lead to obstruction of the adjacent sinus openings and progress to diffuse rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps， which poses more challenges for treatment.This article reviews the clinical symptoms，endoscopic and imaging manifestations， sensitization characteristics and histopathological features of CCAD，summarizes the essential differences between CCAD and other types of CRS，and provides some reference for optimizing clinical treatment strategies.