Objective：To retrospectively analyze the difference of clinical outcomes related indicators between patients with polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）and non -PCOS after assisted pregnancy by in vitro fertilization embryo transfer（IVF -ET），and to clarify the risk of miscarriage in the infertile population with PCOS after receiving IVF-ET treatment. Methods：A retrospective analysis was conducted on 655 PCOS patients with clinical single pregnancy after the first IVF-ET assisted pregnancy at the Reproductive Medical Center of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital，affiliated with Nanjing University Medical College from April 2016 to April 2021.Clinical data of patients with infertility due to tubal factors during the same period were also analyzed. Propensity score matching（PSM）was used to performed a 1∶1 matching based on age and body mass index（BMI）. The assisted reproduction outcomes and miscarriage rates were compared between the two groups，and a subgroup analysis based on BMI was conducted within the included population. Results：Compared to the non-PCOS group，the PCOS group required higer doses and a longer duration of gonadotropins Gn during IVF cycles. The levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone（FSH），luteinizing hormone（LH），and progesterone（P）on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin（hCG）trigger were lower than in the non-PCOS group（P < 0.05）. However，there was no significant difference in early and late miscarriage rates between the two groups（P > 0.05）. Subgroup analysis based on different BMI ranges showed that different BMI levels did not have an impact on the miscarriage rates of the patients. The miscarriage rates were similar in each BMI subgroup of the two groups，and the difference was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）.Conclusion：PCOS has no effect on the miscarriage of patients who received IVF-ET assisted reproductive therapy for the first time and got single pregnancy infertility；PCOS patients who first received IVF-ET assisted pregnancy treatment tend to receive single blastocyst transfer，which can obtain a relatively stable pregnancy outcome.