Objective：To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia（CLL）carrying exportin 1（XPO1）mutations，providing clues for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods：The clinical data of CLL patients with XPO1 mutations detected in the Department of Hematology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from November 2006 and March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data，treatment responses，and survival outcomes of the treatment native（TN）and relapsed/refractory（R/R）patients with XPO1 mutation were compared. Results：Among 543 CLL patients， 15 patients（2.8%）tested positive with XPO1 mutations. The mutation rates in the TN group（368 cases）and R/R group（175 cases） were 2.4%（9 cases）and 3.4%（6 cases），respectively，with a hotspot mutation（E571K）identified. Most of the patients were in Rai Ⅲ/ Ⅳ stage and Binet B/C group，and had no mutations in the immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable region（IGHV）. XPO1 gene mutation co-occurred with NOTCH1，SF3B1，KMT2D，TP53，and other gene mutations，with TP53 and XPO1 mutations more common in the R/ R group（TN：11.1%；R/R：50%）. The median time to first treatment（TTFT）for patients with XPO1 mutations was 1.8 months，the median progression -free survival（PFS）was 19.8 months，and the median overall survival（OS）was 40.0 months. In the XPO1 non-mutated patients，TTFT was 8.1 months，PFS was 32.5 months，and OS was 49.8 months. Conclusion：XPO1 mutations in CLL are low-frequency mutations often occurring simultaneously with other gene mutations. R/R patients are more likely to carry XPO1 mutations than TN patients，with a higher tumor burden. XPO1 mutated patients tend to have shorter TTFT and PFS，compared with those without XPO1 mutations.