Objective：To verify whether mfat - 1 transgenic mice participate in the repair of hypoxic - ischemic brain damage by promoting the proliferation of adult neural stem cells. Methods：In vitro experiments，adult neural stem cells from wild-type and mfat-1 transgenic mice were isolated and cultured，subjected to oxygen - glucose deprivation/reoxygenation（OGD/R）modeling，and the proliferation of neural stem cells was assessed；in vivo experiments，mfat - 1 transgenic mice and their littermates were subjected to hypoxic-ischemic brain damage（HIBD）modeling，and the proliferation capacity of adult neural stem cells was evaluated. Results：The mouse HIBD model and the neural stem cell in vitro culture system were established successfully. The proliferation ability of adult neural stem cells derived from mfat - 1 transgenic mice was higher than that from wild - type mice；mfat - 1 transgenic mice showed significantly enhanced proliferation capacity of neural stem cells compared to wild - type mice and displayed better behavioral performance. Conclusion：mfat-1 transgenic mice participate in the repair of HIBD by promoting the proliferation of mouse neural stem cells.