Objective：To establish a microbiological qualitative detection method for three antibiotics（chloramphenicol，ofloxacin， and cefixime）in cosmetics. Method：A cosmetic standard solution containing antibiotics was prepared to simulate the background matrix of actual cosmetic samples. Modified Letheen broth（MLEB）was used to neutralize preservatives in the samples. The volume ratio of the sample，MLEB and bacterial solution（concentration was approximately 1×10¹¹ cfu/mL）was 1∶9∶2. After cultured at 37 ℃ for 45 and 90 minutes，the bacterial recovery rate was analyzed and compared with the standard recovery rate in order to make qualitative judgments. Results：The detection limit of this method for chloramphenicol，ofloxacin and cefixime were 5 μg/g，1 μg/g，and 1 μg/g，respectively. Conclusion：This method is convenient，cheap，accurate，and suitble for the rapid detection of 3 common antibiotics in cosmetics.