Objective：To examine the impact of venous thromboembolism（VTE）on the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma（MM）patients treated with immunomodulatory drugs（IMiDs），and to analyze the risk factors. To compare the predictive efficacy of thrombosis risk assessment scores in VTE in MM patients. Methods：A retrospective examination was conducted on the clinical data of newly diagnosed MM patients treated with ImiDs at the Department of Hematology，the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University，from January 2016 to October 2020. The correlation between VTE and the prognosis of MM patients was analyzed. The VTE risk of patients was quantitatively assessed with Padua，SAVED and IMPEDE scores. The predictive value of the three thrombotic assessment scales for VTE occurrence in newly diagnosed MM patients was compared using receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curves and the area under the curve（AUC）. Results：A total of 221 patients newly diagnosed MM patients were included in this study，with a VTE incidence of 15.8%. Among VTE patients，those aged over 75，with central venous catheterization （CVC），recent surgery，braking on the bed，extramedullary disease，anthracycline using，autoimmune disease，and hypoalbuminemia had higher incidence rate. Age over 75 years，CVC，autoimmune disease，and hypoalbuminemia were identified as independent risk factors for VTE occurrence in MM patients. In terms of predicting VTE formation in newly diagnosed MM patients，the IMPEDE score demonstrated better efficacy than the other two scoring systems. Conclusion：Age over 75 years，CVC，autoimmune disease，and hypoalbuminemia are independent risk factors for VTE，and the IMPEDE score has superior predictive efficacy.