The classification of central nervous system diseases is complicated and the harm is serious. Because of the existence of blood -brain barrier（BBB），the treatment of central nervous system diseases has great difficulties in drug delivery. Transdermal drug delivery system（TDDS），as a novel drug delivery system that delivers drugs into the blood circulation through the skin，has played a significant role in the treatment of central nervous system diseases in recent years. Due to its unique advantages of painless and convenient administration，transdermal patch has good patient compliance and therapeutic effect，and significantly reduces the first pass effect and adverse reactions. This paper reviews the application of transdermal patches in the treatment of central nervous system diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and mental diseases，and focuses on the research progress of new technologies such as nanocarriers and microneedle technology in improving the efficiency of drug delivery. However，individual differences and long -term drug safety are still urgent problems to be solved. Future research should focus on the development of novel drug delivery technology and clinical translational application，so as to promote the further development of TDDS in the treatment of central nervous system diseases.