Artificial intelligence (AI) is driving the paradigm shift of modern drug delivery systems towards intelligence and precision. To address the challenges of long cycles, high costs, and insufficient targeting in traditional research and development, this article systematically reviews the empowering role of AI technology throughout the entire drug delivery chain. By analyzing application examples of AI technologies such as machine learning and deep learning in the development of various dosage forms (including traditional dosage forms, sustained-release systems, microspheres/microcapsules, nanocarriers, and 3D-printed formulations), the article elucidates the significant advantages of AI models in predicting drug release behavior, optimizing formulation design, intelligently identifying formulation defects, and achieving personalized drug delivery. The article points out that despite challenges such as data quality and model interpretability, AI has undoubtedly become the core driving force propelling drug delivery towards the era of intelligent response and precision medicine, demonstrating immense potential in the field of pharmaceutical research and development transformation.