Objective: To explore the potentiality and clinical significance of retrograde Staphylococcus capitis infection in patients after ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. Methods: A thorough review of the patient"s clinical records, laboratory tests, and treatment responses was conducted, with a focus on the role of physical examination in identifying the risk of infection. Results: The patient"s clinical presentation, including the discovery of an abdominal mass, indicated a potential risk of retrograde Staphylococcus capitis infection. This finding provided direction for further treatment of the patient. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that in managing patients with similar complex conditions, meticulous physical examination and detailed analysis of clinical information are beneficial in assessing potential infection risks. This approach aids in providing more targeted treatment plans for patients.