Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) mainly causes acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) in children, which is the main cause of death among children worldwide. At present, symptomatic treatment is the main treatment for RSV in clinical practice, and specific therapeutic drugs are relatively few. Therefore, the research and development of RSV vaccine or antibody drug is urgent and important. At the present stage, two RSV vaccines Abrysvo and Arexvy and two RSV monoclonal antibodies Palivizumab and Nirsevimab have been released to market, all of which showed good clinical efficacy in specific populations. In this review, the research progress of main vaccine types and neutralizing antibodies of RSV in recent years was reviewed, hoping to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of RSV.