Objective: To evaluate the effects of low-protein rice feeding on renal function in a chronic kidney disease (CKD) mouse model, and to provide a new dietary and nutritional intervention approach for CKD patients. Methods: 1. Doxorubicin-induced CKD and diabetic nephropathy(DKD) mouse models were studied.Mice in each model were fed either low-protein rice (LG) or normal gluten rice (NG), resulting in LG-CKD vs. NG-CKD , LG-DKD vs. NG-DKD groups. 2. The mice in each group were continuously fed for 16 weeks, and parameters including food intake, body weight , 24-hour urinary protein（24h UPro）, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (mAlb/Cr), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol（TC），triglyceride（TG）, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (sCr), and cystatin C (Cys C) were regularly monitored.3.Renal histopathological changes and degree of renal interstitial fibrosis were examined.Results: 1)No significant differences in V and W between LG and NG groups in both CKD and DKD models. 2) At 16 weeks, BUN, sCr, and Cys C were significantly lower in LG-CKD vs. NG-CKD (p=0.004, 0.03, 0.01); mAlb/Cr and 24-hour urinary protein were significantly decreased in LG-CKD at 16 weeks (p=0.002, 0.04, 0.001). 3) Fasting blood glucose was significantly lower in LG-DKD vs. NG-DKD at 16 weeks (p=0.002). 4) Renal histological study indicated that the kidney pathological injury degree of LG group mice was less than that of NG group mice, whether CKD or DKD mice (Masson score of control group, CKD group, DKD group and LG group were 5.5±0.5, 5.3±0.5 and 7.2±0.4 points, respectively). In NG group, the results were 5.4±0.5, 14.2±0.7 and 11.8±0.6 points, respectively, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). 5) Transcriptome analysis revealed the JAK-STAT pathway was involved in regulating CKD and DKD-related kidney injury.Conclusion: Low-protein rice feeding can control blood glucose fluctuations in DKD and delay the progression of renal dysfunction and fibrosis in CKD and DKD mouse models.