Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of anti-SSA positive with or without anti-SSB positive in children with lupus nephritis.Methods:The clinicopathological data of children with lupus nephritis newly diagnosed in the nephrology Department of Nanjing Children""s Hospital from January 1, 2018 to January 1, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the test results of autoantibodies, they were divided into two groups: anti-SSA positive group with or without anti-SSB positive group and anti-SSA and anti-SSB negative group. The clinical manifestations, SLEDA scores and pathological features were compared among all groups, and the remission of lupus nephritis after six months of treatment was followed up. Results: Eighty-five children with lupus nephritis were enrolled in this study, including 34 children in the anti-SSA positive group with or without anti-SSB positive group (12 children in the anti-SSA positive group with or without SSB positive group, 22 children in the SSA positive group with or without SSB positive group), and 51 children in the anti-SSA negative group with or without SSB positive group. The anti-SSA positive group with or without anti-SSB positive group and the omly anti-SSA positive group had no statistical significance compared with the anti-SSA and anti-SSB negative group, respectively (P > 0.05). The incidence of rash in the anti-SSA and SSB positive group was lower than that in the anti-SSA and SSB negative group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the non-remission rate in the anti-SSA and SSB positive group was higher than that in the anti-SSA and SSB negative group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion:Children with anti-SSB positive lupus nephritis are all accompanied by anti-SSA positive, and children with both anti-SSA and SSB positive lupus nephritis have a lower incidence of rash clinically, but a higher renal unremission rate for half a year, which may require more aggressive renal treatment.