Objective：To investigate the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1（MCP-1） in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） and the clinical significance. Methods：Tissue microarray（TMAs） including 36 specimens of non-tumor liver disease and 109 specimens of HCC（containing tumor tissue and adjacent non-cancerous tissue） were prepared. MCP-1, VEGF and CD68 were detected with immunohistochemistry method. Blood capillaries stained for CD34 were counted in HCC, and microvessel density （MVD） was determined. Results：Ｔhe expression rate of MCP-1 cancer cells, adjacent non-cancerous tissues and non-tumor liver diseases was 40.4%, 67.0% and 44.4% respectively. The expression of MCP-1 was correlated with that of VEGF（r ＝ 0.233，P = 0.015） and MVD（r ＝ 0.234，P = 0.014）. MCP-1 expression in TMAs was significantly correlated with the pathological stage（P < 0.05）, but not with tumor size, tumor number, blood vessel invasion, differentiation, cirrhosis and prognosis. Conclusion：MCP-1 may play an important role in HCC angiogenesis through inducing the production of angiogenic factors, such as VEGF. But the expression of MCP-1 in HCC can’t be regarded as an indicator of prognosis.