Objective:To identify the ligustrazine effect on asthmatic mice serum stem cell factor(SCF) expression and its effects on inhibiting bronchi inflammation. Methods:Twenty-four male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups:the normal control group(A), the asthmatic model group(B),the low-dose ligustrazine group(C,40 mg/kg) and large-dose ligustrazine group(D,80 mg/kg). There were 6 mice in each group. The bronchi pathological changes were detected by HE dyeing and the SCF content was examined by ELISA. Results:The content of SCF in mice in asthmatic model group[(114.9 ± 27.3)pmol/L] is higher than that in normal control group[(48.6 ± 11.2)pmol/L](P < 0.01). The SCF contents in low-dose ligustrazine group[(70.6 ± 7.9)pmol/L] and in large-dose ligustrazine group[(51.4 ± 8.1)pmol/L] are both lower than that in the asthmatic model group(P < 0.01). In the asthmatic group,the numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes,the thicknesses of WA/Pi and ASM/Pi were(32.6 ± 4.5)/mm2,(1.196 ± 0.111)mm,(0.292 ± 0.027)mm,respectively;and those of the normal group were(6.6 ± 1.2)/mm2,(0.571 ± 0.057)mm,(0.139 ± 0.014)mm,respectively;there were significant difference between the two groups(all P < 0.01), The numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes,the thicknesses of WA/Pi and ASM/Pi of the low-dose ligustrazine group were(26.0 ± 2.5)/mm2,(0.949 ± 0.105)mm,(0.243 ± 0.027)mm, respectively. They were lower than those in the asthmatic group(all P < 0.05). The numbers of eosinophils and lymphocytes,the thicknesses of WA/Pi and ASM/Pi of the large-dose ligustrazine group were(12.1 ± 1.6)/mm2,(0.875 ± 0.111)mm,(0.178 ± 0.023)mm,respectively. They were significantly lower than those in the asthmatic group(all P < 0.01). Conclusion:Ligustrazine may control the mice bronchi inflammation by inhibiting the SCF expression.