Objective:To establish the nonobese diabetic-severe combined immune deficient(NOD/SCID) mice model inoculated with human leukemia cell line K562 cells,which encoded a marker gene-green fluorescence protein. Methods:GFP-encoded K562 cells were obtained by the infection of K562 cells with recombinant retrovirus encoded GFP. After total body irradiation with γ-ray of 2.5Gy,NOD/SCID mice were intravenously transplanted with 5 × 105 K562-GFP cells(Group 1,n = 3),or 1 × 106 K562-GFP cells (Group 2,n = 3),or normal saline(Control,n = 2). Six weeks after transplantation,the bone marrow,peripheral blood and spleen of recipient mice were assayed for the presence of human cells by flow cytometry and PCR. Results:Six weeks posttransplatation,the presence of human leukemia cells was found in the peripheral blood,bone marrow and spleen of recipient mice. The mean percentages of human cells in the bone marrow of recipient mice of Group 1 and Group 2 were 12.3% and 22.6%,respectively. Conclusion:human leukemia model inoculated with GFP-encoded k562 cells was successfully established,which could be employed in the future research.