Objective:To investigate the effects of Lipo-PGE1 on the microcirculation changes of intestine during acute intestinal venous congestion reperfusion in rats. Methods:30 SD rats were divided into three groups，the acute intestinal venous congestion reperfusion group（CR group）, the Lipo-PGE1 treatment group（Lipo-PGE1 group） and the sham operation group（SO group）. To induce intestinal venous congestion model, portal vein was clamped for 45 min, then unclamped for 60 min. In Lipo-PGE1 group, 0.2 μg Lipo-PGE1 was infused via veins 10 min before，just at clamping portal vein and 10 min after reperfusion respectively，while in CR group normal saline was used instead of Lipo-PGE1. The small intestinal mesenteric area was selected for observation of microcirculation. The numbers of capillary vessels with or without blood flow were recorded as reperfusion rate. Hemorrhagic spots around the capillary were also recorded. Intestinal species were obtained for histological examination after reperfusion for 60 min. The intestine injury was studied with Chiu’s Grade classification. Results:In CR group，the microcirculation reperfusion rates were much lower and the numbers of hemorrhagic spots around the capillary were much more than those in SO group. In Lipo-PGE1 group，however，the microcirculation reperfusion rates were much higher than in CR group，while no significant difference was found in hemorrhagic spots between the two groups. In CR group，optical microscopy showed that the intestine mucosa lesion was worse than that in SO group by Chiu’s Grade standard. But compared with CR group, it showed that intestine mucosa injury lesion was attenuated in Lipo-PGE1 group. Conclusion:Lipo-PGE1 could effectively protect microcirculation and attenuate the injury of intestine caused by acute intestinal venous congestion.