Objective:To investigate the effect of glucose and glucocorticoid on the expression of 11β-HSD1,11β-HSD2 gene transcriptions in PIEC in vitro,and the relationship between 11β-HSD1 and transforming growth factor-β1 and Endothelin-1. Meanwhile,to observe the effect of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 antisense oligonucleotides on the expression of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 by PIEC under hyperglycemia. Methods:PIEC were cultured in medium in vitro under different concentration of glucose(5.6 mmol/L,10.0 mmol/L,20.0 mmol/L,30.0 mmol/L)and in different concentration of glucocorticoid and antisense oligonucleotides under hyperglycemia. RT-PCR was applied to determine the expression of 11β-HSD1,11β-HSD2,TGF-β1 and ET-1 mRNA. Western-blot was performed to measurer the expression of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2. Results:After treatment of different concentration of glucose for 48 h,the expression of 11β-HSD1 and TGF-β1 mRNA under high glucose condition were significantly increased and represented a certain correlation;high glucose can increase the expression of 11β-HSD1 protein. Both mRNA and protein of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 were blocked by 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 antisense oligonucleotides;meanwhile,the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA was decreased. Conclusion:High glucose and glucocorticoid could increase the expression of 11β-HSD1 mRNA and protein,there was a certain linear correlation between the expression of 11β-HSD1 and TGF-β1 mRNA. 11β-HSD1 might have a correlation with diabetes mellitus.