Objective:To investigate the effects of congestion preconditioning on acute intestinal venous congestion reperfusion injury in rats. Methods:A total of 30 SD rats were divided into three groups,the acute intestinal venous congestion reperfusion group(CR group),the congestion preconditioning group(group CP) and the sham operation group(group SO). To induce intestinal venous congestion,portal vein was clamped for 45 min,then unclamped for 60 min. In group CP,portal vein was clamped for 5 min,then unclamped for 5 min with one repeat of this procedure before model construction. In group SO,all the procedures were conducted except for clamping portal vein. Portal flow was measured with electromagnetic flowmeter at different time point of congestion and reperfusion. After reperfusion for 60 min,ileum samples were collected for MPO and ICAM-1 determination as well as pathological biopsy. Results:In group CP,it was found that the intestinal mucosa was less damaged than that of group CR with Chiu’s Grade Classification. Meanwhile,intestinal MPO activity and ICAM-1 expression in group CP were also much lower than those in group CR. There was no significant difference in portal flow before the clamping of portal vein among the 3 groups. After reperfusion,the portal flow in group CP significantly increased in compare with that of group CR. Conclusion:Congestion preconditioning could alleviate the injury of acute intestinal venous congestion reperfusion in rats.