Objective:To investigate the expression of BDNF and axon guidanc cue slit-2 after the spinal cord injury,simultaneously observe the ethology, morphology and SEP changes of rats. Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group,the sham-operation group and the operation group(1,3,5,7,14,21,28 days sub groups), each group with 5 rats. The expression of BDNF and slit-2 were detected through immunohistochemistry methods. The positive cells were analyzed by a computer image analysis system. Function changes were evaluated by BBB method, the morphological changes were obsered by HE staining, and the SEP change was also analyzed. Results:The limb function of experimental rats significantly recovered from 7 d to 28 d. The immunohistochemistry results indicated that expression of BDNF\slit-2 in the angulus anterior was low in either normal or sham operation group,while BDNF\slit-2 expressed actively at 24 h in the operation group,reached the peak at 3 days after operation. The morphology gradually changed from local hematoma to tissue degeneration. Conclusion:With the spinal cord injury of adult rats, BDNF and slit-2 increased with regularity, indicating the correlation between the two factors and the neuranagenesis. BDNF and slit-2 were mainly expressed in the ventricolumna,implying they might be correlated with the limb movement function restore.