Objective:Through the animal experiment model to observe the action of transcription factor GATA-3 in renal fibrosis,and through interfere in the signal iteral of renal fibrosis to get the deeper message of strategy and direction for reversal renal fibrosis. Methods:Thirty-six male specified-pathogens free Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups:the unilateral ureteral obstruction group and normal comparison group. The unilateral ureteral obstruction group according to the management agent was subdivided into three group:GATA-3 antisense oligonucleotide group(AS),GATA-3 nonsense oligonucleotide group(NS) and sodium chloride group. The nomal comparison group also adopt the same method divided into three groups. And at the time of study 1-7-14 d executed two rat of each subgroup. Histological changes of renal tubular interstitium were observed by HE and Masson staining. Iminunohistochemistry was performed on renal tissue for observe the expression of GATA-3- Smad7 and so on at each time point. RT-PCR to observe the expression of GATA-3-Smad7 mRNA in renal fibrosis and calculate gray scale. Results:Regardless of ureteral obstruction group and nomal comparison group ,the rat treated with GATA-3 antisense oligonucleotide observed that renal fibrosis little than other two treatment. Iminunohistochemistry observed that transcription factor GATA-3 expression in ureteral obstruction group and nomal group,RT-PCR further infirm that result. At Ureteral Obstruction group detect the expression of GATA-3 and Smad7 RNA;treated with GATA-3 antisense oligonucleotide observed that Smad7 expression in ureteral obstruction group and nomal comparison group even less than the other two treatment. Conclusion:Transcription factor GATA-3 through reduced the expression of Smad7 induced by BMP-7,and impaired the Smad7’s function blockade TGF-β signal transduction, to intensify the renal fibrosis generate and development,further infirmed that interfere in the transcription factor of renal fibrosis signal path to effect the fibrosis’s proceeding was feasible.