Objective:To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of syphilis in Jiangsu province from 2004 to 2008 and to provide scientific reference for further control of the disease. Methods:Syphilis cases reported in China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention in Jiangsu province were collected and the data were analyzed epidemiologically. Results:The incidence rate of syphilis increased rapidly in Jiangsu province from 10.59 per 100 000 residents in 2004 to 28.68 per 100 000 residents in 2008,and the average annual increase of incidence rate and reported case of syphilis were 28.42% and 28.68% in recent 5 years,respectively;primary and secondary syphilis cases were 69.75% in all syphilis cases;most patients were 20~39 years old,which accounted for 51.55%;the majority of syphilis cases were reported in the south of Jiangsu province. Conclusion:The syphilis epidemiology in Jiangsu province is increasing rapidly,and a series of measurements on strengthening the prevention and cure on STD and HIV, and standarization treatment of syphilis must be taken to control the prevalence of syphilis.