Objective:The aim of the study is to make a full understanding of military cadets’ psychological condition and the related elements so as to provide evidences for psychological health education. In the meantime,the analysis could help give pertinently the psychological consultation to the cadets. Methods:SCL-90 self-rating symptom scale and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) were applied to test 600 freshmen of a military academy. Compared the results with some regular parametres,the differences among various groups were analyzed. Results:The number of cadets with positive criterion≥160 was 45,which was 8.8% of the total number. The psychological condition of the freshmen from different hometowns was remarkably different. The SCL-90 factors of cadets are lower than the factors of local youth,military servicemen and local university students. The first five factors of the cadets’ psychological problems were compulsion,personal relationship,somatization factor,anxiety and depression. The cadets’ psychological condition was connected with their internal and external characters and also with their nerves. Conclusion:The general condition of the military cadets’ psychology is comparatively good. It is influenced by various factors like family background,society and is closely related with the character of the cadets. We must build up proper psychological education system according to the real condition of the cadets in the academy through which the military cadets’ comprehensive quality might be effectively improved.