Objective:To investigate and compare the differences on morphology and growth characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)derived between bone marrow of aplastic anemia(AA)patients,myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS)patients and normal individuals. Methods:MSCs were isolated from bone marrow sample of AA patients,MDS patients and normal individuals and cultured in vitro. The morphology and growth curves feature were observed. Results:MSCs derived from AA patients and normal individuals were similar in cell morphology. Both were fibroblast-like spindle. But MSCs from AA patients grew slower than those of the normal control group. The time of colony-forming of the MSCs from AA patients was longer. And the time required for the MSCs from AA patients reaching 90% confluency was also longer than that of the normal control group. The proliferation capacity of MSCs from AA patients at passage 3 was weaker than that of normal individuals. While,MDS patients and normal individuals derived MSCs were similar in cell morphology as well as the time of cell colony-forming and cell reaching 90% confluency. There was no difference in the proliferative ability of MSCs at passage 3 between MDS patients and normal control group. Conclusion:The morphology of MSCs showed a similar characteristics among the three groups. But compared with MSCs from normal individuals,MSCs from AA showed significant slower growth rate and weaker proliferative ability. Whereas,there were no significant differences between MSCs from MDS and those of normal control group in morphology,growth rate and proliferation capacity.