Objective:To identify the characteristic 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy(NMR) regions of sera from the patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods:1H NMR spectroscopic analysis was performed on serum specimens obtained from 60 preoperative patients with ESCC and 30 healthy controls. Results:The characteristic fingerprint was profiled with 1H NMR spectroscopic data in healthy controls. In the meantime,1H NMR spectra of sera from 60 preoperative patients with ESCC were measured and compared with healthy controls. We found that the 1H NMR spectra of sera from the patients with ESCC most differed from healthy controls at the extent of 1.0~1.1 ppm and 3.0~3.8 ppm. Conclusion:Resort to the characteristic absorption peak,our data suggest that 1H NMR spectroscopy contribute to the early diagnosis on suspicious ESCC by analysis of sera from patients.