Objective: To explore the relationship between human leucocyte antigen(HLA)-DRB1,DQB1 alleles and type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) in Jiangsu area. Methods: We recruited 112 T1DM patients and 69 controls. The alleles were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-sequence special oligonucleotide primers(PCR-SSO). The frequency of allele and haplotype were calculated by the chi-square test or Arlequin software. Results:17 DRB1 alleles and 7 DQB1 alleles were detected in 112 T1DM patients,the frenquencies of DRB1*0901, DRB1*0405, DRB1*0301, DQB1*0201 and DQB1*0303 alleles in the patients were significantly higher than that in healthy control group; the frequencies of DRB1*0901-DQB1*0303,DRB1*0301-DQB1*0201, DRB1*0405-DQB1*0401 and DRB1*0405-DQB1*0302 haplotypes were higher in T1DM than that in the controls. Conclusion: T1DM is associated with DRB1*0901, DRB1*0405, DRB1*0301, DQB1*0201 and DQB1*0303. And we find four susceptible DR-DQ haplotypes, DRB1*0901-DQB1*0303, DRB1*0301-DQB1*0201, DRB1*0405-DQB1*0401 and DRB1*0405-DQB1*0302 in Jiangsu area.