Objective: To evaluate the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle in sprinters using 3.0 tesla phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy(31P-MRS). Methods: 31P-MRS was acquired from quadricep muscles in 14 trained sprinters and 16 non-trained healthy volunteers. Concentration of inorganic phosphate(Pi),phosphocreatine(PCr)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP) was measured by matlab software. Concentration of adenosine diphosphate(ADP) and intracellular pH value was calculated from the biochemistry reaction equilibrium. Results: Concentration of PCr and ATP in the muscle of trained sprinters were significantly higher than those in the volunteers. Sprinters had lower pH value in skeletal muscle than volunteers did. No difference was observed in the concentration of ADP between two groups. Conclusion: Trained athlete have higher content of ATP and PCr indicating a more efficient mitochondrial phosphorlation system,and 31P-MRS has important role in evaluating training effects in sports.