Objective: To understand related knowledge and practical behavior of AIDS on the female sex workers(FSWs) in public amenities in Jiangsu province and provide a more effective theoretical basis for controlling the prevalence of AIDS and increasing the rate of condom use in FSWs. Methods: The trained interviewers randomly interviewed 867 entertainment FSWs and made the questionnaire survey with them in three cities of Jiangsu province using anonymous questionnaire designed by our group. Results: The average age of the entertainment FSWs was 27.12 years old. The respondents,most of whom received primary and secondary school education,are mostly married or having regular sexual partner. Entertainment FSWs have a certain but not comprehensive understanding of AIDS-related knowledge. The rate of condom use during the latest sexual intercourse with their regular sexual partners and customers was 57.0% and 77.7% respectively and the difference was statistically significant between fixed sexual partners and customers on rate of condom use(χ2 = 73.125,P = 0.000),while the rate of condom use of the fixed sexual partners of different ages was not significantly different(χ2 = 2.753,P = 0.431). This suggested that the customers didn’t realize that the use of condom can prevent the spread of the sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS. Results of a Logistic regression analysis indicated that age,household location,regular sexual partners and the awareness of AIDS prevention measures were associated with condom use during the latest sexual intercourse. Knowledge related to STD/AIDS mostly came from television(69.9%),followed by friends (45.5%). When the respondents were suspicious of suffering from STD/AIDS,85.9% of them choose to seek medical treatment from public hospitals. Conclusion: Raising the awareness of preventive measures is an essential factor to increase the use of condom. The rate of condom use of their regular partners was low and this would lead to the further spread of AIDS. Further efforts should be made to strengthen their health education and behavioral intervention according to the characteristics of this group,such as the level of education,life habit and behavior characteristics. In practice,we can try to work more flexibly and use a more comprehensive strategy to control the prevalence of AIDS.