Objective:To explore the relationship between the SDF-1/CXCR4 chemokine axis and VEGF in glioma angiogenesis. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to semi-quantitate the expression of CXCR4 and VEGF in human glioma. To characterize the effect of CXCR4 on VEGF,U87 and HUVECs cells were co-cultured with or without SDF-1,and the secretion of VEGF in the supernatant was detected by ELISA. With diverse treatments(control,SDF-1,CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 and CXCR4 siRNA treated group) of U87,the supernatant was collected for HUVEC culture,and tubule-like structure(TLS) were counted. Results: The expression of CXCR4 and VEGF in glioma was increased with the malignancy of glioma,and the results showed a significantly positive correlation (P < 0.01). Moreover,the ELISA data demonstrated that CXCR4 was correlated with VEGF secretion and tube-formation (P < 0.01). Conclusion:CXCR4 was potentially correlated with the degree of malignancy of glioma,and SDF-1 facilitates the secretion of VEGF via CXCR4. In addition,CXCR4 was involved in glioma vascular proliferation,which may function as a potential target for the development of therapeutic strategies.