Objective: To study the relationship between human herpesvirus(HHV)-6 infection and glioma. Methods:HHV-6, human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) and HHV-7 DNA in glioma samples(n = 40) and control samples(n = 13) were detected by nested PCR. The expression of HHV-6, HCMV and HHV-7 was detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC). Results:HHV-6 DNA was positive in 17/40(42.5%) of glioma samples and 1/13(7.7%) of normal brain samples(P = 0.020), while the positive rates of HCMV and HHV-7 DNA were 20.0% and 5.0% in glioma,respectively. HCMV and HHV-7 DNA hadn’t been found in normal brain samples(P = 0.087 and 0.566 respectively). HHV-6 late antigen p41 was expressed in 11/40(27.5%) of tumors and 0 of the controls(P = 0.030), while HHV-6 early antigen gp116/64/54 was expressed in 13/40(32.5%) of tumors and 0 of the controls(P = 0.014). HCMV pp65 antigen was expressed in 5/40(12.5%) of glioma samples and 0/13 of the normal brain controls(P = 0.229). HHV-7 pp85 antigen hadn’t been found in tumors and normal brain samples. Conclusion:Based on the results of nested PCR and immunohistochemistry,significant difference of HHV-6 infection between glioma and normal brain tissue was confirmed. HHV-6 infection may play a role on the pathagenesis and progression of glioma.