Objective:To investigate the effects of silymarin (SIL) on the expressions of IL-1β,IL-6,and fractalkine in lung tissue of rat with acute lung injury. Methods:A rat model of acute lung injury (ALI) was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). All rats were randomly divided into SIL group,LPS group and normal saline control group. SIL(200 mg/kg) was dropped into airway of rats in SIL group 6,4,and 2 h before treated with LPS. After LPS was given for 6,12 and 24 h,IL-1β,IL-6,chemotatic factor fractalkine protein levels in lung tissue homogenate were detected by ELISA. Results:At all time point,IL-1β,IL-6,fractalkine protein levels of SIL group were all significantly lower than those in LPS group(P < 0.05). Conclusion:SIL could significantly inhibit the expression of IL-1β,IL-6,fractalkine in lung tissue of rat with acute lung injury.