Objective:To investigate the clinical effects of several treatments for vascular cognitive impairment not dementia (VCIND). Methods:Total 90 patients with VCIND were randomly divided into the cerebellar fastigial nucleus electrical stimulation (FNS) group,oxiracetam group and nimodipine group,with 30 cases in each group. On the base of all groups receiving conventional treatments,the treatment of FNS was applied in the FNS group,oxiracetam in the oxiracetam group and nimodipine in nimodipine group. The Event-Related Potentials P300 (ERP-P300),Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and transcranial dopplor ultrasonic monitor(TCD) of all patients were observed and compared before and after the treatment. Results: FNS group:After the treatment,the scores of MoCA showed improvement(P < 0.01),the latency period of P300 was significantly shorten(P < 0.01) and the amplitude was significantly increased(P < 0.01). TCD result showed the mean velocity of blood flow improved significantly(P < 0.01). Oxiracetam group:After the treatment,the scores of MoCA showed improvement (P < 0.01),the latency period of P300 was significantly shorten (P < 0.01) and the amplitude was significantly increased(P < 0.01),but the TCD result had no obvious improvement (P > 0.05). Nimodipine group:After the treatment,TCD result showed the mean velocity of blood flow improved significantly (P < 0.01),but the MoCA the latency period and the amplitude of P300 had no obvious improvement (P > 0.05). After the treatment,the score of MoCA in the FNS group and oxiracetam group were both higher than that in nimodipine group(P < 0.01),and the score of the FNS group was higher than that of the oxiracetam group (P < 0.01). After the treatment,the latency of P300 of the FNS group was shorten than that of the oxiracetam group and nimodipine group (P < 0.01),and there was no significant difference between the oxiracetam group and nimodipine group(P > 0.05);the amplitude of P300 in the oxiracetam group was higher than that in the FNS group and nimodipine group (P < 0.05),but there were no significant differences between the FNS group and nimodipine group (P > 0.05). After the treatment,TCD result showed the mean velocity of blood flow of MCA in FNS group was higher than those in oxiracetam group and nimodipine group(P < 0.01),but there were no significant differences between the oxiracetam group and nimodipine group (P > 0.05);The mean velocity of blood flow of ACA,PCA ans VA in FNS group and nimodipine group were higher than those in oxiracetam group(P < 0.05),ACA and VA of FNS group was higher than those of nimodipine group (P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference in PCA between FNS group and nimodipine group(P > 0.05). Conclusion:The FNS,oxiracetam and nimodipine are all beneficial in treatment of VCIND. Oxiracetam can effectively improve cognitive function;nimodipine can effectively improve blood supply to the brain;FNS can effectively improve cognitive function and blood supply to the brain in patients with VCIND.