Objective:To examine the association of serum uric acid level and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Methods:From 2008 to 2011,1 416 eligibles were collected from the inpatients of Department of Endocrinology and Gerontology in the First Affiliated Hospital of NJMU. The disease history was surveyed,the biochemical indexes were detected and the general physical data were measured. All of the patients were divided into four groups(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲand Ⅳ group)according to the level of serum uric acid,and association between uric acid level and metabolic indexes in each group was evaluated. Results:① With the rise of uric acid concentration,the incidences of diabetes in women were gradually decreased. In the first three groups,BMI increased with the rise of uric acid concentration. ② The levels of FPG and PPG were reduced with the increasing of uric acid concentration. PINS,FC-P,PC-P,TG,BUN,and Cr in the higher uric acid group were significantly higher than the lower group. The level of HDL-C was inversely varied with uric acid concentration in the first three groups of quartiles. ③The average uric acid level of participants with normal glucose tolerance was higher than that in the patients with abnormal glucose tolerance. ④ The levels of uric acid were negatively related to HbA1c,FPG and PPG(P < 0.001,= 0.001,< 0.001)and positively related to FINS,PINS,FC-P and PC-P(P < 0.001). ⑤The risk of abnormal fasting blood glucose significantly raised with the elevation of uric acid level,especially in the group Ⅳ,which predicted the increased risk of diabetes (P < 0.001). Conclusion:The serum uric acid level is closely related to gender,age,duration of diabetes,incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease,BMI,dyslipidemia and glucose. It can be used as a predictive index for diabetes. Elevated level of uric acid is one of the risk factors of diabetes. Within normal range,the increased uric acid level is also a protective factor to glucose metabolism of patients with diabetes. [Key words] serum uric acid;diabetes;relative factors