Objective:This study was aimed to explore the risk factors related to hypertension with diabetes mellitus. Methods:Based on logistic regression through a survey with questionnaires and physical measurement,10431 cases with hypertension were conducted. All these cases were screened from 174 villages and cluster sampled in Jianye District in Nanjing,Peixian County in Xuzhou,Haian Country in Nantong and Lianshui County in Huaian. Results:In hypertension cases,the proportion of diabetes is about 9.25%. According to logistic regression analysis,high level of high-density lipoprotein -cholesterol (HDL-C)protected the hypertension patients against diabetes,with odds ratio(OR)=0.711(95%CI:0.570~0.888);as well as triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low level of HDL-C,age,education,high BMI were the risk factors inducing hypertension with diabetes,with OR of 1.917 (95%CI:1.663~2.209),2.549(95%CI:2.147~3.206),1.370(95%CI:1.059~1.772),1.211(95%CI:1.108~1.324),1.162(95%CI:1.054~1.281),1.264 (95%CI:1.153~1.386),respectively. Conclusion:It is concluded that overweight and obesity,high level of TG and TC,low level of HDL-C and education level are the risk factors for the hypertension cases with diabetes. Therefore,these factors must be paid more attention in hypertension control and prevention in order to decrease the risk of complicated diabetes and to elevate the quality of life for hypertension cases.