Objective:To explore the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in esophagus of patients with portal hypertension and its relationship with the dynamics of portal vein and spleen. Methods:Thirty-six patiens who were undergone selective devascularization were received Doppler ultrasound examination, and the diameter and mean flow rate of portal vein and splenic vein were mesured before operation, and the blood flow were calculated. The esophagus tissue was reserved and FPP(free portal hypertension) was measured by puncturing the right gastroepiploic vein during the operation. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of VEGF in esophagus tissues. Results:The ranking of VEGF expression in esophagus tissues:0(-)3 cases;1-4(+)10 cases;5-8(++)18 cases;9-12(+++)5cases. The positive rate was 91.7% and the high expression rate of VEGF in esophagus is 63.9%. The diameter and flow of portal vein and splenic vein of the VEGF high expression group is higher than those of the VEGF low expression group(P < 0.01). The velocity of portal vein of the VEGF high expression group is lower than that of the VEGF low expression group (P < 0.01),but there was no obviously significant in the velocity of splenic vein between two groups(P < 0.01). The free portal pression of the VEGF high expression group is obviously higher than that of the VEGF low expression group(P < 0.01). Conclusion:The expression of VEGF in esophagus tissues of portal hypertension patients was high, and its high expression was related to parameters of portal and splenic hemodynamics and free portal pression. VEGF-mediated angiogenesis was one of the factors that caused hyperperfusion of splanchnic circulation in portal hypertension patients.