Objective:To investigate the association of mitochondrial NDUFB6 gene with type 2 diabetes by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection and genotyping. Methods:Sequences of coding regions (including sequence near splicing site) of NDUFB6 gene was detected by PCR-sequencing in 15 type 2 diabetics and 9 normal controls. To high frequency SNPs,PCR-sequencing was used in 192 type 2 diabetics and 192 normal controls for geno-typing. Results:A total of 6 SNPs were identified for NDUFB6 gene;there were 3 high frequency SNPs and 3 low frequency SNPs. One SNP(-1211C > T) located in the promoter region of NDUFB6 had significant difference of genotype distribution between type 2 diabetics and controls (P < 0.05). Conclusion:The NDUFB6 gene -1211C > T polymorphism may associate with type 2 diabetics in Chinse.