Objective:This study aimed to detect the expression of resistin-like molecule beta (RELMβ)in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: We detected the expression levels of RELM β in 103 NSCLC tissues and the same patients’ adjacent noncancerous tissues (including 65 with paired lymph node metastases) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, and then analyzed their correlation with clinical pathological parameters. Results: RT-PCR and Western blot showed that the expression level of RELMβ in NSCLC tissues was significantly higher than that in noncancerous tissues. Compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues, the mRNA and protein expression levels of RELM β were significantly increased in lung cancer (23.33%,P < 0.05). The high expression of RELM β was closely associated with the degree of differentiation, TNM staging and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The positive expression of RELM β is associated with clinical pathological parameters of NSCLC. RELM β may promote tumor progression.