Objective:To analyze the molecular characteristic and antibiotic resistances of Vibrio cholerae O1 stains in Jiangsu province in 2010,and provide laboratory evidence for the clinical analysis and treatment of cholera. Methods:V. cholerae O1 strains in Jiangsu province in 2010 were analyzed by virulence genes,sequence analysis of ctxB gene,antibiotic resistances and PFGE. Results:All strains were positive for ctxA,ace,zot,toxR,tcpI,ompU,rtxC,tcpAEL,hlyAEL. They were also identified as harboring the classical ctxB genotype based on amino acid residue substitutions. They exhibited fully sensitivity to gentamicin,norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin,while they were all resistant to sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim,streptomycin. The PFGE profiles of NotI showed a single banding pattern among 15 isolates,except VC201014. Conclusion:A single clone of a V. cholerae strain was responsible for the epidemic caused by V. cholerae O1 strains in Xuzhou,Huaian,Suqian,Nanjing during early September to late October in 2010,while there was another clone which was responsible for the epidemic in Lianyungang in late August in 2010. The bacterium type of V. cholerae causing the epidemics belonged to the atypical EL Tor variant. Gentamicin,norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin may be used for the treatment of this type of cholera.