Objective:To investigate the level of CCL5 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to analyze the relationship between CCL5 expression, SLE disease activity and organ involvement. Methods: The plasma levels of CCL5 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 31 SLE patients and 16 healthy people. Of the 31 SLE patients, according to renal involvement, there were 21 cases of lupus nephritis and 10 cases of SLE without renal involvement. CCL5 level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and its relationship with SLE clinical parameters was analyzed. Results: The expression of CCL5 was significantly increased in the SLE group compared with that of the normal controls. The expression level of CCL5 was significantly higher in the lupus nephritis group than that of the no kidney involvement group and the healthy control group. The expression level of CCL5 was positive correlated to SLE disease activity index (DAI) (r=0.54). Conclusion: Chemokine CCL5 may play a key role in the pathogenesis of SLE, including the renal involvement. CCL5 is also a serological marker of disease activity in patients with SLE.