Objective: The proteomic analysis of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ) technique was performed to analyze the differential plasma membrane proteins of superior olivary complex (SOC) of SD rats. Methods: The cochlear nuclear complex(CN),SOC and inferior colliculus(IC) were isolated from P60 healthy male Sprague Dawley(SD) rats,the rest of the brain was used as control. Then the iTRAQ technique was used to detected and identified the differential plasma membrane protein expression in these regions. Results: A total of 1 937 plasma membrane proteins showed significantly different expression,between two regions. We found 14 region-typical proteins in SOC. Gene ontology (GO) functional analysis showed that alanyl-tRNA synthetase (Aars),glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase(Eprs),α-internexin (Ina) and solute carrier 44A1 (Slc44A1) mignt be involved in neural development, neurotransmission,synaptic remolding, and affect the neurotransmission of auditory neurons. Conclusion: The quantitative comparison of protein screened reveals that several interesting candidate proteins, including Aars,Eprs,Ina,Slc44A1, are related to central auditory processing, which provides a theoretical basis for further study of auditory processing disorder.